Sunday, November 29, 2020, 00:04
The scientific interest and the great technological interest of Ion-Lithium batteries were the reasons why he received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 2019 to three scientists who contributed to their development in a remarkable way. The scientific bases were during the oil crisis of the 1970s. However, we had to wait until 1985 to appear the first commercially viable battery. The press release of the Nobel Foundation said: «We have access to a technical revolution. The winners developed light batteries with a potentially high enough to be useful in many applications ».
In Spanish, not -rowable and battery battery is often called. Both transform chemical energy into electrical reactions through chemical reactions. The chemical reaction must be reversible in the rechargeable. The start of the batteries was the 1800 Volta stack. It was very simple: a series of barrels with liquid, called electrolyte, placed one next to the other in which two metal strips called electrodes were immersed. One is the positive pool (cathode) and the other the negative (anode). The electrodes were connected by metal cables. The electrolyte is needed to carry out the power of electrons. The person who gives rise to the electric current. The first commercial battery was built by Daniell in 1836. It consisted of a zincel tectronic immersed in a zinc sulfate solution and one of the buyer immersed in a copper sulfate solution. With small adjustments it survived until the last quarter of the twentieth century.
The possibility to use lithium was already at the beginning of the twentieth century. There were many reasons for this: it is the lightest metals, it gives maximum energy per weight and an important feature for batteries: it is the most electrochemical metal. However, lithium electrodes deteriorated very quickly, especially in the charging processes. This problem, insurmountable, caused the search for alternatives. The research led to the use of a non -metal solution with the help of lithium ions. This new alternative gives specific energy than lithium metal. As a counterpart, the Li -ion is very stable as long as the voltage and power limits are respected.
There are currently different views on lithium ion batteries, but they all share the keyword: “Lithium ion.” Although at first glance all ion-litio batteries seem comparable, the personality of each battery depends on the active materials used. Materials that determine their performance. From 1997, most manufacturers, to reach a flatter discharge curve, began to record graphite.
Now a new material, Graphene seems to increase the performance in a remarkable way. Remember that graphene is created as a ‘wonderful’ material. This will improve many technologies, including batteries.
