Sunday, March 28, 2021, 00:13
One of the scientific paradigms of SIGO XXI is the rise of complex systems. Although we do not realize, a large part of what surrounds us are complex systems of which, In many cases we are part: social organizations, economics, globalization …
First forget that a system is formed by a series of elements, animated or lifeless, that work together to achieve a specific goal. For example, the solar system in which gravitational interaction makes all planets around the sun. This means that the change of a job of one of the proposals has an impact on others.
To define a system, we must know his elements, the interactions and their function. In addition, systems can be open or closed and dynamic or static. In Open there are adaptive and non -adaptive systems. In these cases, if a voltage from the outside exceeds a certain value, the system can even disappear. For example a political party.
Now let’s see that it is a complex system. We specify it from some of his properties. It is the one formed by a large number of quasi-ideal elements that have local interaction, Which on the one hand generates emerging properties that cannot be explained from his elements that have been taken into seclusion; On the other hand, unpredictable behavior that predicts the future of the system are created outside of a certain temporary horizon. These systems are not something strange or special, they are very abundant and some influence us a lot. The brain, in which the complexity of its functions,, for example, cannot be predicted from the characteristics of an isolated neuron. Ecosystems, immune system, market economy, a lot of collective behavior, etc. are also complex systems.
Most of these systems remain ‘subtle’ in balance, something that makes them unstable. Thus a variation (fluctuation), which can be or causes very small and spontaneous, can change their interactions, and thus the behavior of the entire system between the interactions of the elements that compile, their mutual relationships.
Fluctuations make that alternately during the evolution of the system, situations of order and disorder. That is why evolution is not produced by continuous change, but is done by reorganisations and jumps.
However, laws that mark the evolution of complex systems can be simple, but in most cases they do not allow long -term behavior.
With computer simulation you can get some results and experience. However, it is still far from the problem to understand and find rigorous results. It is still at the level that gives intuition and qualitative concept.
