Friday, September 20, 2024, 00:18
In 2019, the telescope of the horizon of events – in reality a network of eight radielscopios around the world, one of them in Spain – succeeded in catching the first image of a black hole. What was seen was a kind of yellowish ring in the shape of a ring that remembered the eye of Sauron, the evil of “the Lord of the rings.” According to experts, there were 55 million light years in a galaxy called Messier 87 and the dimensions were colossal: it was a “monster” 6.5 billion times massier than our sun and his horizon of events, which was actually seen in the ‘photography’, it had a diameter of 40,000 million kilometers, eight times the size of the solary system.
Die prestatie heeft de zoekopdrachten geactiveerd van alles wat met deze gigantische enigmatische te maken heeft die de natuurwetten uitdagen, omdat ze in feite niet worden vervuld, “zegt José Félix Rojas, van de Planetary Sciences Group van de UPV/EHU. Volgens een nieuw Google -tool genaamd ‘zoeken naar’ (‘in de wensen van de wetenschap is het in de afgelopen 19 jaar Klimaatverwarming, kernfusie en boson from Higgs.
How are they and why are they called that?
The most ‘simple’ answer is that NASAs, who defines it as “an astronomical object with a gravity that is so strong that nothing, even light, can escape from it.” This explains his name. If we become more scientific, “they are entities of a nature that are very different from what we know and that distort the universe. It is not even known whether what is in it,” says Rojas, who also explains what the aforementioned horizon of events is. “It’s just like its border, an insurmountable limit around the black holes that you can’t escape from.”
How many guys are there?
There are usually two types, those of stellar mass and the super masive, such as those in 2019. The first have the crowd between three and dozens of sunshine. The second, between 100,000 and billions of soles. These are located in the middle of most large galaxies, including the Milky Way. The ‘Ours’ is called archer a*, has the mass of four million soles, can be ‘photographed’ for the first time in 2022 and 26,000 light years have been removed from the earth. A third type is also detected, black holes of average dough, «but they are very elusive, they are between two waters. They have more energy than the typical star mass, but because they are further, it is difficult for us to see them ».
What are the dimensions?
“The events of a black hole of ten solar masses would have a radius of 30 kilometers, while in the middle of the Milky Way it would have about 3 million kilometers, about four times the size of the sun,” says Rojas. In addition to growing by absorbing matter, they can also ‘shrink’, although at a very slow pace. “It takes billions of years.”
How are they formed?
“It is pretty clear for the star dough, but for Supermassions it is an open theme.” The first «created naturally in the last phases of the life of the greatest stars. In this there are nuclear reactions that generate elements of larger atomic mass that fall to the center and compress more and more to tolerate the weight of what they have on top. In a final phase it is formed iron and the core explodes to give rise to a supernova, a process that only takes a few seconds. Depending on the size, a neutron star can be formed and if it is large enough, it flows into a black hole ». They can also form from the merger of two black holes.
Why are they important?
At least two reasons can be used. SuperNovas explosions distribute elements such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen into the space that are needed for life. The mergers between two neutron stars or between two black holes spread heavy elements that can become new planets one day. «And the black holes themselves enable us to know how the laws of nature work within their most extreme limits. We try to see where we can no longer explain things ».
How are they detected?
If it can’t even escape the light, how is it possible to detect them? What the telescopes saw in 2019 and 2022 was the horizon of events. «What we see are the radio waves that broadcast the gas that swallows around the horizon of events. That gas is heated as if it is iron, but at brutal temperatures ».
Can you swallow us?
The short answer is not because the closest is. «Every mass that attracts, which causes gravity and has a spherical shape, works as if all his masses are concentrated in the middle, as if it had a black hole in the middle. And we don’t see each other crushed or crushed by the earth, nor by the moon, nor by Mars, nor by the sun because we are very distance from those points ». What distance would it be dangerous? «The monstrous effect is between 700 and 1,000 kilometers. If the sun became a black hole, the horizon of the event would have about 3 kilometers of radio. We would not notice any difference ».
